Chapter 11 Vocabulary

Genetics- scientific study of heredity

http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/genetics.shtml

True-breeding- term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate

http://biology.about.com/bldeftruebreed.htm

Trait- specific characteristic that varies from
one individual to another

http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/genpsytraits.html

Hybrid- offspring of crosses between
parents with different traits

http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Hybrid

Gene- sequence of DNA that codes for a protein
and thus determines a trait

http://www.genetics.gsk.com/kids/genes01.htm

Allele- one of a number of different
forms of a gene

http://biology.about.com/od/geneticsglossary/g/alleles.htm

Segregation- separation of alleles during
gamete formation




http://biology.about.com/library/glossary/bldefmenlawseg.htm

Gamete- specialized cell involved in
sexual reproduction

http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Gamete

Probability- likelihood that a particular event will occur

http://www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/toc_vol6.html

Punnett Square- diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross

http://www.athro.com/evo/gen/punexam.html

Homozygous- term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait

http://biology.about.com/bldefhomozyg.htm

Heterozygous- term used to refer to an organism
that has two different alleles for the same trait

http://biology.about.com/bldefhetzyg.htm

Phenotype- physical characteristics
of an organism

http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/bc/ahp/BioInfo/SD.Geno.HP.html

Genotype- genetic makeup of
an organism

http://www.iscid.org/encyclopedia/Genotype

Homologous- term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/homologous

Diploid- term used to refer to a cell that conations both
sets of homologous chromosomes




http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Diploid

Haploid- term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes

http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Haploid

Meiosis- process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/GG/meiosis.html

Tetrad- structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis

Crossing-Over- process in which homologous
chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids
during meiosis

http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/GG/comeiosis.html

Gene Map- diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome

http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/research/mapping.shtml